Hybrid Storage: Maximizing Charging Efficiency and Range for Semi-Trucks

evTrailer2

Mission-Specific Control of Energy Flows for Greater Efficiency and Sustainability in Heavy-Duty Transportation

As part of the “evTrailer2” collaborative research project, we have developed a hybrid energy storage system for heavy-duty semi-trailer trucks. The system combines high-energy and high-power cells, enabling high charging power while reducing charging times. Optimized charging cycles extend battery life and increase the range of electric trucks. Transportation and logistics companies, as well as manufacturers in the field of electromobility, stand to benefit most from these results.

In the “evTrailer2” project, project partners from industry and academia investigated the potential of electrified semi-trailer systems for long-haul transport and combined innovative technologies to improve energy efficiency in heavy-duty transport. The goal was to significantly reduce fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions from heavy semi-trailer trucks (N3, over twelve metric tons). By optimizing an electrically powered semi-trailer for so-called “traction cooperation” with the tractor unit, reductions of 30 to 40 percent in greenhouse gas emissions were achieved.

Mission-Adaptive Control of Energy Flows

Our team developed a state-of-the-art hybrid storage system to improve the energy efficiency of conventional semi-trucks. The concept combines high-energy and high-power cells and controls charging and regenerative braking phases based on the specific mission.

Current energy storage systems, which are primarily based on high-energy cells, are not optimal - particularly at high-power charging points -

in terms of degradation and service life. In contrast, a demand-based distribution of storage capacity between high-energy and high-power cells - depending on the vehicle’s mission, route profile, and charging and regenerative braking phases - offers advantages.

A hybrid energy storage system with long range, high charging efficiency, and long service life therefore requires mission-specific control of energy flows.

Hybrid Energy Storage System Maximizes Energy Efficiency of Semi-Trucks

The developed concept comprises two drive axes: The high-energy storage system supports the vehicle during steady-state driving, while the high-power storage system becomes active during dynamic load requirements such as acceleration or uphill driving. Through intelligent load distribution between the two storage systems, power outputs of up to 600 kW can be provided during acceleration.

The hybrid storage system was implemented and tested on a scaled-down basis. It enables charging power of up to 350 kW at fast-charging stations and up to 500 kW on overhead line routes or with megachargers. Brake energy recovery is maximized to up to 348 kW.

The system has a capacity of 122 kWh, of which 98 kWh is usable. To achieve a service life of over 700,000 km, the charging cycle is limited to 50 percent of the gross capacity. This also optimizes the net mass of the entire storage system.

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Up to 40% fewer greenhouse gas emissions

By optimizing an electric semi-trailer for “traction cooperation” with the tractor unit, reductions of up to 40 percent in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions were achieved.

“This innovative technology not only improves the efficiency of the powertrain but also protects the high-energy cells from harmful peak currents.”

Dr. Sven Herold, researcher at Fraunhofer LBF

Logistics and transportation companies benefit from reduced operating costs and an improved environmental footprint thanks to the increased efficiency and sustainability of the powertrain.

From Research to Your Application

How can high-performance energy storage systems be integrated into various mobile and stationary applications in a cost-effective, durable, and efficient manner?

The technologies and methods developed in the “evTrailer2” project can be applied to numerous applications. We support companies in developing hybrid energy storage systems as well as intelligent operating, charging, and energy management strategies for electrified systems with high performance and efficiency requirements.

The focus is on applications with dynamic load profiles, high charging and regenerative braking capacities, and requirements for range, service life, and operating costs—for example, in commercial vehicles, mobile machinery, rail vehicles, maritime applications, and industrial and fast-charging systems.

Key Areas of Expertise:

  • Development of hybrid storage architectures with high-energy and high-power cells
  • Mission- and application-specific control of energy flows
  • Optimization of charging efficiency, fast-charging capability, and regenerative braking
  • Protection of battery systems against harmful load and peak currents
  • Service life and degradation analyses for battery systems
  • Simulation, scaling, and validation of electrical energy systems
  • Integration into existing and future electric platforms

👉 You’ll benefit from higher energy efficiency, reduced operating costs, lower battery stress, and more sustainable electric drive systems. Contact us!

 

Cross-cutting and Focus Topics

Electric Energy Storage Systems

  • Sustainability
  • Reliability and Service Life
  • Material Development
 

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Model-Based Research and Development

 

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Validation & Prototyping

Validation and Prototype Development - Efficiently Ensuring Reliability and Functionality